Composting fermentation is a process in which organic matter in solid feces is degraded by microorganism under artificial control of moisture, carbon nitrogen ratio and ventilation, so as to make it mineral, humic and harmless. Composting is mainly divided into aerobic composting and anaerobic composting. At present, aerobic composting is mainly used. The nutrient composition of manure after composting is more stable, which is more conducive to crop absorption, and can also improve soil conditions. Therefore, farmers, small and medium-sized farms or farms basically apply this treatment mode.
The use of aerobic microorganisms will decompose complex organic matter into stable humus, at the same time generate heat energy, the temperature inside the feces gradually increases, reaching 60-70% high temperature, and can last for several days. It can not only reduce water content, but also kill harmful pathogenic microorganisms, parasitic insects, insect eggs and miscellaneous seeds, etc. the rotten materials will no longer have odor and are easy to be absorbed by crops According to the different processes, the process lasts from dozens of days to several months, realizing the transformation from manure to organic fertilizer.
In order to further increase the composting rate of aerobic compost, when the temperature of the compost rises to 50 ℃, it can start to turn the compost with the help of a trough tipper, which not only improves the efficiency of manual turning, but also solves the problem of uneven manual turning and saves manpower. When turning the pile, the appropriate turning cycle should be adopted according to the change of the temperature of the pile body. When the temperature is in the rising stage, it needs to turn over once a day; when the temperature begins to drop to 30 ~ 45 ℃, it can be stopped slowly, and it can be done once in 3 ~ 5 days. When the color of the pile is dark brown, don't turn the pile again, just let it rot.
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